Orthodox Madonna of origin

About earliest Madonna painted by St. Luke the legend, we get recognized by Orthodox and Catholics. But there are also the opposite view, any negative Luke painted the icon. One reason for this view is that there is a 11th century Italian Florentine painter named Luke. Santo, he painted many pieces of Madonna, Madonna in the Middle Ages they were mistaken apostle road home work. However, this reason is clearly untenable, since before the 11th century in the history of literature mentions crossing plus the Kazakh painting Madonna.

Another basis for the first draw against Luke Madonna that Luke was a Jew born. This means that he could not master painter skills, because according to the second commandment of God, the Jews should not engage in painting. However, this argument is not sufficient because, according to some early church fathers such as Tertullian and Augustine's writings, Luke was born in Antioch polytheism family, adulthood converted to one God. He trained in many aspects of education, studied medicine and plastic arts.

Luke oppose Madonna's third point is that in establishing the doctrine icon revered seventh ecumenical council, there is no mention of any godfather crossing plus the fact that Madonna painting. In the debate on the major issues of principle revered icon of such an important fact that Luke painting the Madonna how no one will mention it? In this regard, an apologist view that, at the time held the Seventh Ecumenical Council, Luke painting the Virgin would like to Constantinople has not, and therefore it is impossible to be cited as an irrefutable fact: another view is that the facts about Luke painting Madonna of the times for which the person is well known, so there is no need to take it as a new evidence.

Russian scientists concluded: After reviewing such evidence after it is safe to draw the conclusion that, based on historical evidence of St. preach good Russian, St. Luke's Gospel writers drew a hand or pieces of Madonna. These Madonna only for a small part of Christians known. Over time, these original paintings have been lost, but retained many variants of copies. We can say that the apostle Luke laid the beginnings of icon painting, and established its basic principles. The statue of Our Lady of themselves to these were blessings and give it a mysterious force, he also being: "My blessings and power will be so forever.

oval wood frame virgin mary of jerusalem god art

Orthodox icons of the 20th century

Russia from the beginning of the restoration work on ancient history and its icons of 19th century science, progressive discovery and partial cleanup of Vladimir Ivanov was Montenegro, Kiev and other ancient church frescoes and mosaics: the early 20th century, and distinguish from a number of recent signature Dekor out Andre. Rublev's Holy Trinity like Vladimir Dekor, historical excavation and restoration work has fundamentally changed the concept of Orthodox art since the 18th century, it seems to have rediscovered hidden icons artistic tradition for hundreds of years, if Orthodox discovered a new world.

However, the 1917 revolution has just destroyed the revival of arts icon. After the revolution, the icon of art preserved and the Russian diaspora in the West. In this view, the Russian diaspora not only for the Russian Orthodox Church to save the gods, ritual and art, but also to the Western world show the rich tradition of the Orthodox Church.

Mosaic technology renaissance began. In 1851, for the Savior Christ Church Cathedral and Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg decorative work at Academy of Fine Arts opened a "mosaic Faculty." Mosaic artist in Bruni and Flores Rove leadership and cloth leave it Neff Love Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg icon for the frescoes in two layers (levels) made into a mosaic icon paintings. Mosaic production work continued until 1914. On Isaac's Cathedral altar installed glass windows from the German custom painted painting from the coffin in Christ to stand up again. But this glass painting in Russian religious art has not been developed.

In the mid-19th century, the Russian community as a country interested in antiquities icons, some people (mostly old ritual originally Methodist) began collecting ancient icon painting. This results in a Soviet civil Tsz Dahl "best-selling" icon painting has produced a special field - forgery ancient icons, their number is growing. In the reign of Nicholas II (1894-1917), such as icon painting has been recognized by the court, some of the icon painters are designated specifically for the court to do this type of icon painting. Here also appeared in some of the characteristics and academic style combining traditional icon painting genre, mainly breeds in Tver icon painter studio in St. Petersburg do not Shehuonuofu formed.

orthodox church religious byzantine art icon

Orthodox holiday and icons

Orthodox icon types, there is a class devoted to the great Orthodox holiday-themed icons. Orthodox icons in the walls, there is a row of icons is dedicated to the theme of the program to do, called "program ratings."

Orthodox festival vast amount of these festivals to commemorate Jesus Christ, the Virgin and the saints. According to statistics, including the number of saint's day included, the number of Orthodox festival has exceeded the number of days in a year, that is to say every day of the year with one or several programs. Of course, the importance of these programs and the grand degree programs sample sizes.

The main festivals include Orthodox Easter and XII festival. This section XII eight commemorates Jesus Christ: Christmas, the main input Church Festival (Festival met the Lord Jesus Christ), God Epiphany (Baptism of Jesus), the main section into the holy city, the main variable capacitance section, cross section, and a section of the main Assumption of the Holy Trinity. The other four are in honor of the Virgin: the Virgin Birth Day, into the Church of Our Lady Day, Feast of the Assumption.

The festival is divided into no fixed date and fixed date. Easter is not a fixed date, and another section XII of three is not fixed a date, and the main gold Al-Quds Day, the main Assumption and Holy Trinity Day, the date from which to calculate the date of Easter. The other nine are fixed dates.

When the Easter celebration of Christ's resurrection, the resurrection of Christ as we happen to us things. Because each of us to have been a gift of new life, so that we get the capacity to receive new life. This presents a fundamental change in the attitude of our time together, including attitudes to death.

The festival of moral thought that, as the Son of God for us and willing born on the same ground, people for the same purpose, should also be born again, or, according to the Apostle's words; "ye put off concerning the former conversation the old man's, This understanding of privacy and confusion gradually deteriorated.

our lady of kazan byzantine orthodox icon on wood

orthodox byzantium

 Troubetzkoy noted that the ancient Russian icon has long been regarded as merely a manifestation of asceticism content. People do not understand, Dekor There is also a most essential and most important thing - he was very happy to convey to the world. There is no doubt, it contains two aspects Orthodox thinking closely linked in close Dekor - the pain and idealistic asceticism happiness. This two are the two essential themes icon.
Iconoclasm campaign Leo the Great's reign can be divided into two periods. The first period began in 1780 under Leo III called iconoclasm, until Huang Hou Yilei (Irene) presidency to stop the persecution. Seventh, and last Ecumenical Council (787) upholds the icon worship, supported the position of the first Council of Nicea, the meeting declared: As the cross and the Gospel, and other real symbol icon, should be in the Church Save veneration. The second period began in 815, Leo V, iconoclasm, until 843 years emperor (Theodora) fully restored icon of worship, from fully accredited status icons, called "Orthodoxy victory ", while Orthodox  first Sunday of Lent (also known as the" triumph Sunday is the letter ") to commemorate this event. The primary supporter of the first period for the icon of St. John of Damascus (St John of Damascus, 675-749), the second period was the bishop of San Di Tudor (St Theodore, 759-826). St. John's because they live in Muslim areas, away from the control of the Byzantine Empire, to be freer to develop their ideal; after Islam also cover the development of several unexpected protect Orthodox.emphasize the other side depicts a non-earthly world, and this side of the world is relatively secular. So whether it is painting or the artist themselves to practice requirements are strict control, because it is "like the soul", not with screen similar to the real world. as long as prayers saw his familiar objects and portraits of worship, this set of modeling, the dogma of the supernatural will come to the fore in his mind as to generate strong religious feeling in his heart. So ultra nature art standardization helps to develop a certain prayer worship habits.
 painter painting together under the supervision of the Greek artist, in text or illustration of the way to record the characteristics of each saint and painting, the notes by way of mentoring taught from generation to generation, and with Greece priests have brought along when entering the Russian painter indoctrinated mission, to show the magnificent Byzantine icons and composition perfect again to Justinian era statue of St. Sofia church benchmark.
However, with the decline of Byzantium, stopped on the "spiritual inspiration" and the technical guidance of Russia, appeared in Russia each draw icon nature of the convent or icon studio in the transcript as textbooks or reference books, it is well-known on the icon extension rubbing down and facsimile diagram, guides artist (monk) follows the old mode, simply scripted without tiring way to go around the church and convent observe each artist hand are equipped with a number of icon painting from wood or rubbing down the wall pictures, these extension illustrated diagram like saints calendar

Saint nicholas Russian Orthodox Religious Icon

Religious art works appeared secularization color.

Italian Humanism quickly affect the literature and art, from the mid-15th century, many religious works of art themes emerged strong secularization color, the pursuit of cheerful, passionate and fanatical tone. Venetian painters of the Madonna and angels often some dressed, the skin of the upper rounded image of women. This idea of the pursuit of pleasure in the artistic performance was quite outstanding, thus forming the ground of color and composition of the ornate, decorative, Lorenzo the aesthetic tastes of Venice on its head. "Madonna and Child" was one of the early works of Lorenzo recognized. In later works, his style is more succinct, more sense of perspective, more plump figure, can show Phi shirt in the human form.
"Madonna and Child" There are two funders: A businessman and a monk. Many paintings of the Renaissance, in addition to painting the claimed subject matter protagonist, usually there are a few supporting roles, such as finance or saint. When these supporting beginning with short stature usually appear, from the role of a foil. Until the late Renaissance, these characters only as a foil stand out, and lead pre Drawings evenly divided.
Work has gorgeous colors and rich patterns, the Virgin Mary cape and robe hanging to the ground, deep crease above pattern is very rich. Decorative surface shape complex and delicate throne, a large number of complex decorative pattern on it.
"Annunciation Angel" this delicate carvings of historical reasons also unknown dawn, but the style and materials used in a work may be inferred is a 15th century Venetian masters early creation. Painting angels graceful, focus on left foot, right knee slightly bent, body slightly twisted. Angel left holding a lily, raised his right hand, was to talk to the appearance. This art form shows the Annunciation of Our Lady of Angels forward.
Golden angel hair combed back, elegant appearance emerged, face delicate carving. Edge cloak may also see some traces of gold-plated, with as for decorative purposes.
Angel shape filled with 15th-century Venetian art unique to the concise and elegant. However, her image still retains the characteristics of Gothic art, splendid fine Phi shirt particularly noteworthy.

Wooden Orthodox religious icons 

Most of religious icons painting with a tendency or allegorical lessons

Religious Icons painting also has a unique mystical meaning and purpose of education. Obviously, the boot icon painting can bring us through education, and "not get God's help in poverty, but allow us to upgrade to His kingdom." This is because the icon painting is like a channel , by which we move forward, become worshipers of God, become a part of the divine grace. So icon painting is indeed a new language, as long as we want to reach the United States, as well as the ultimate glory of heaven realm, we have to cross that path. In the Orthodox temple, even if not described what the sacred mysteries, the letter were also keen to feel the presence of God and the saints. The presence of icon painting, it has a close relationship with.

Thus icon painting is our soul in contact with the sitter and binding intersection. P. Evdokimov directions: "seek a model of holiness, longing its prototype, guide humanity in the right direction ...... This is not just a theory or a narrative description of it, but a direct screen showing the consistency of the source, what happened rendezvous. "

All of the above description, is to explain a point of view, is the icon painting is not just with religious paintings, or some form of works of art (most probably used to be so on the humanities will be categorized), and It is symbolic, and common forms of entities who attract us with their prototype, which is depicted in the portrait communicate with each other. Here it comes together and forms a symbolic human entities, which means its main features, the most important symbol of (forms) - in symbolic language depict symbolic things. For example, the eyes of the people portrayed often portrayed very large, but doing so symbolic purpose is to make us understand that

the sitter has received a great Zhi was celebrating everything. In many cases the head will depend unusual scaling, and if we use symbolic language to explain, which means the people portrayed have been wisdom from heaven. Painting icon painting is to depict the character of this unique Person (hypostatic).

However iconography depicting objects are not limited to symbolic or theological implications of the object, which can simultaneously achieve a soothing effect. It can disperse lonely, just as we have confirmed, because of the operation of the Holy Spirit, it is already for us to open the door of the Father residence. Icon painting will be converted to praise God melody tone, illuminate the road of spiritual theologians, purify body and mind, so that was filled with joy, peace, miracles - there are many icons painted with the fact that miracles - - then became our mentor, lead us to salvation through the operation of the Holy Spirit. Because "the saints earthly life, they are always filled with the Spirit. And when they accomplish this task, the grace of the Holy Spirit does not forsake their souls, they were buried in the dust of the body, or their icons This is not reached by the forces of nature, but by grace and mighty. "This is John of Damascus, giving us tips. That is, the grace of the Holy Spirit has been in

operation, continuing operation in His saints soul, body, statues and portraits of the holy, it's not his nature, but through an everlasting energy and drive.

Ceramic plate of orthodox religious icons 

A modern icons

Dekor content as an Orthodox tradition, the 18th and 19th centuries have been ignored and forgotten the religious consciousness, even something as decadent abandon. The reason there are basically three: First, from the outside, the preservation of ancient icons are dusty, dark face, do not see the true colors of the United States (because they do not pay attention to save the holy relics protection and not good): two from the content, people only see the icons included in the spirit of asceticism, if not see the joy: Three is the 18th-century Russia to accept the West after the Renaissance art of realism.

However, in the Russian "religious philosophy renaissance" in the context of the early 20th century, some Russian theologians and philosophers began to focus on the phenomenon as a spiritual icon, to rethink the traditional icon reveals the ideological content of religious icons. Icon theology and philosophy in Russia has been an unprecedented development.


Icon of suffering and asceticism. Troubetzkoy noted that the ancient Russian icon has long been regarded as merely a manifestation of asceticism content. People do not understand, Dekor There is also a most essential and most important thing - he was very happy to convey to the world. There is no doubt, it contains two aspects Orthodox thinking closely linked in close Dekor - the pain and idealistic asceticism happiness. This two are the two essential themes icon.

However, such diametrically opposed things - the largest and highest happiness is painful how together in icon, this mystery of what binds? Her color speculative article is an attempt to study and solve this problem.

The basic tendency of ancient Russian icons asceticism. 17th century representative of the old school etiquette Ava Qom clearly point this out. She pointed out that when the artist painted the image of the Savior like Emanuel, her face is swollen lips are red, curly hair, hands are obese. This painting is the enemy Nikon premeditated and support, as if painted portraits of the living. However, the outstanding icon painter of ancient painting is not the case, they have painted saint's face and hands, because of fasting, labor and painful but thin.

Double Door religious art saint nicholas orthodox