Byzantine art combines the qualities of abstract decorative naturalism of classical art and oriental art.

Artistic styles and techniques of Byzantine art (Byzantine Art), about 5 to mid-15th century, developed in the Eastern Roman Empire. It becomes a link with the Greek and Roman classical art in Western Europe later art. Byzantine art combines the qualities of abstract decorative naturalism of classical art and oriental art. Not very clear dividing line between the early Christian art and Byzantine art. Beginning early period, became the capital of Constantinople from 330 to around 500 in the beginning, was called before the Byzantine period. In Justinian (527--65 years) reign ushered in the first golden age of Byzantine art. In the 8th century and the 9th century period of time, a debate is called the iconoclastic dispute against icon worship, many paintings and sculptures were destroyed. With the end of 843 years of the anti-idol doctrine of holy figures depict once again be encouraged. Second golden age of Byzantine art, from the 9th century until the 12th century, the imperial palace to introduce realism art, the mysticism introduce religious art. Byzantine art final glory in the mid 13-15 century palaiologos reign; it is called the Byzantine revival. In the later stages of religious art expresses more emotion and naturalism. Byzantine art medieval Byzantine Empire (centered in Constantinople) and affected all areas of architecture, painting and other visual arts. Painting and architecture have characterized the earliest form of Byzantine art in the 6th century, this style until the Turks captured Constantinople in 1453, when the collapse of the empire eventually cease. After the demise of the Eastern Roman Empire the Turks, Byzantine art continued popularity in Greece, the Balkans and Russia. Mosaics and frescoes substituted sculpture, decorative arts as the main church. Byzantine art from the fourth century to the fifteenth century Constantinople (ie the ancient Greek city of Byzantium) as the center of the Byzantine Empire (the East Roman Empire) and the Christian Church combination of official art. (5 - 15 century AD) Byzantine art features: ① Christian Art and courtly art of combining the pursuit of Wei Yan Fuli effect. ② Byzantine Empire not only inherited the ancient Greek and Roman classical cultural tradition, but also by the oriental culture. ③ in mosaics, frescoes, icon painting, art techniques: 1. Using abstract form language, inhibition of space and depth of performance, 2 uses patterned symmetrical composition, are keen to use lines and colors. Byzantine art achievements mainly in architecture, painting, sculpture (1) architecture: Byzantine architecture, the main successor Romanesque church architecture combines masonry arch technology and decoration techniques, the grand style of classical Greek and Roman architecture pillar. In the interior was colorful, rich and earthy appearance in stark contrast to the main artistic features. The first golden age of Justinian Byzantine art, early church buildings mainly follows the Pantheon-like circular dome, typical of a Byzantine church Hagia Sophia, a combination of two design shape, namely Basilica and Centralized, it has the East's most significant feature church dome, which is the subject of the entire building. Also with sail arch technology to construct large, high dome, beyond the Pantheon in Rome. Basilica emphasizes the horizontal and vertical axis of the basilica, its outstanding feeling of depth, while the dome centralized concentric stressed, in order to solve the contradiction it together, using a Greek cross, Venice's San Marco 2 Such a cruciform church is the church. (2) painting: mosaics, icon painting, mural 1. mosaics occupies a special importance in the Byzantine art. Byzantine church within a large number of glass mosaics caused a magnificent visual experience, such as the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna mosaics most famous, people appreciate the Justinian era palace art new style and jeweled effect. Emperor Justinian and their sacrifice 后西奥多拉 figure, take the plane of the painting, characters are and past Greek and Roman art of different shapes, such as: the proportion of elongated figures, emperor great tall and straight, slender fibers Queen the United States, large head, small eyes, eliminating small movements and expressions, robe hard and plate, overlapping characters went wrong, which for Greek and Roman plastic art is unthinkable, but big eyes look unpredictable, as if from a time of stagnation, space solidified eternal world, people from uncertain moment moment to get out, get peace of soul, without manufacturing three-dimensional plane of the painting, the visual illusion of space, and thus the liberation of color, composition, dotted line It uses. 2. St. Catherine's Monastery wall mosaics depicting the life of Christ, "Christ varactor" fully demonstrated the Byzantine painting emphasize planarity, composition and flexible features, although the figure does not meet the natural state action figures norm, but the entire composition balanced stable body structure looming. Although depicted the incident was not a narrative plot. Icon is to communicate with the earthly heaven bridge, this idea has led to strict stylized Byzantine painting, drawing content and even the church in different locations, there are strict criteria, it can be seen in Daphni Monastery. In Daphni Monastery church mosaics, he is no longer with the expression aloof figure painting, but the pursuit of emotional expression, the dome of Christ eyebrows stare. "The cross" is a sad affair reveals mild, truly expresses the pain of the crucifixion of Christ, the Virgin Mary, John's weeping, Style: Byzantine still using conventional pure gold background, pay attention to the elegant lines of the screen. 3. The earliest icons like Madonna and Child painting, like St. Catherine's Monastery of Christ. This icon painting is to show the religious spirit, giving the gods, super-powerful. Christians became the object of worship. Constantinople "Virgin of Vladimir" embodies a new human color, so that people appreciate the warmth and sadness Our Lady will eventually lose his son, painting Madonna and Child spread like Russia, Eastern Europe influenced iconography production. 4. As Constantinople Crusaders looted, Byzantine rebuild the empire's decline can not afford costly mosaics, frescoes again favored characteristics: large-scale murals, and there are many characters with narrative painting stressed concrete People and the entire composition of momentum, such as Cary Kemi monastery of "Christ in limbo." Byzantine painting approachable lack a sense of the Christian spirit has always been the spirit of Byzantine art.
         

Byzantine Art－Byzantine painting